What is a Ethanolamine (HOCH₂CH₂NH₂)?

Ethanolamine (HOCH₂CH₂NH₂) is an organic compound that contains both alcohol and amine functional groups. It is a colorless, viscous liquid with an ammonia-like odor and is classified as a primary amine. It is highly soluble in water and alcohol.

Ethanolamine is used in a wide range of industrial applications, including as a surfactant, emulsifier, pH buffer, and gas treatment agent (especially for acid gas removal). It also serves as a raw material in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, detergents, and cosmetics. It is typically synthesized by reacting ethylene oxide with ammonia.

Biologically, ethanolamine is a key component of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine, playing an essential role in cell membrane structure and function. However, it can be irritating to the skin and eyes, requiring proper handling and protective equipment.

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