What is a Selenium (Se) ?

Selenium (Se) is a chemical element with atomic number 34. It is a non-metal and is found in nature in trace amounts, often associated with sulfide minerals. Selenium exists in several allotropes, including colorless, red, and black forms, and can have multiple oxidation states, including -2, +4, and +6. Selenium is an essential trace element in the human body, playing a critical role in the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which helps protect cells from oxidative stress. It also supports immune function and is involved in thyroid hormone metabolism. Adequate selenium intake is important for maintaining health, while deficiency can lead to weakened immune function, thyroid disorders, muscle weakness, and heart disease. However, excessive selenium intake can lead to toxicity, causing symptoms such as hair loss, nail abnormalities, and nerve damage. Selenium is commonly found in foods such as Brazil nuts, seafood, meat, and eggs, and should be consumed carefully to avoid toxicity.

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