What is a Dimethyl sulfate (CH₃O)₂SO₂?

Dimethyl sulfate (CH₃O)₂SO₂ is an organic compound that appears as a colorless or slightly yellow liquid with a strong, pungent odor. It is an ester derived from sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and methanol (CH₃OH) and is well known as a powerful methylating agent. Dimethyl sulfate plays an important role in chemical synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in organic chemistry, where it is used to introduce methyl groups (CH₃) into other molecules.

For instance, it is used to methylate amino groups to synthesize methylamines, or to methylate alcohols to produce methyl ethers. Dimethyl sulfate is also utilized in chemical neutralization reactions. However, this compound is highly toxic and carcinogenic, requiring extreme caution in handling. Additionally, it has strong corrosive properties, so specialized equipment and techniques are required for its handling and storage.

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