What is a Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, chemical formula: C₈H₁₂N₄)?

Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, chemical formula: C₈H₁₂N₄) is a white crystalline powder that is stable at room temperature but decomposes upon heating, releasing nitrogen gas (N₂). AIBN is widely used as a free-radical initiator in polymerization reactions and organic synthesis. When heated, AIBN decomposes to generate nitrogen gas and two isobutyronitrile radicals, which initiate polymer growth. It is especially important in the polymerization of acrylic resins and styrenes, and is often used under an inert atmosphere (e.g., nitrogen) to avoid side reactions with oxygen.

AIBN is toxic and potentially hazardous; it can irritate the skin and eyes, and inhalation may cause harmful effects. It is also self-reactive and may ignite under certain conditions, so careful handling is essential. Store it in a cool, dark, and well-sealed container, and avoid heat, impact, and friction. Use protective gear such as gloves, goggles, and masks during handling.

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