What is a Allopurinol?

Allopurinol is a medication primarily used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia, which works by inhibiting the production of uric acid and lowering the uric acid levels in the blood. Its chemical formula is C5H4N4O. Allopurinol works by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which prevents the conversion of its precursors, hypoxanthine and xanthine, into uric acid, thus reducing the excessive production of uric acid. In addition to treating gout, allopurinol is also used to prevent uric acid deposits in the kidneys, thus helping to prevent kidney stones. It may also be used to treat hyperuricemia caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Allopurinol is typically administered in tablet form, and long-term use is often required.

Side effects may include skin rashes, liver dysfunction, and leukopenia, although these are relatively rare. High doses or excessive intake of allopurinol may lead to more severe side effects.

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