What is a Trinitrobenzene (TNB)?

Trinitrobenzene (TNB) is an aromatic nitro compound with the chemical formula C₆H₃(NO₂)₃, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with three nitro groups. The most common isomer is 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, which appears as a pale yellow to yellow crystalline solid. TNB is primarily used as a precursor or additive in high-performance explosives, and also as an intermediate in dye manufacturing or in high-energy material research. Compared to TNT (Trinitrotoluene), TNB offers slightly higher explosive energy, but it is also more sensitive to impact, friction, and static electricity. This makes handling more hazardous, often requiring stabilization or blending with other compounds. TNB is toxic, potentially affecting the skin, respiratory system, and internal organs, so proper protective measures are essential during handling. Due to its powerful energetic properties and associated risks, TNB is mainly used in specialized military or industrial contexts and is subject to environmental and safety regulations.

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