What is a Butene?

Butene is a four-carbon alkene with the molecular formula C₄H₈. It exists as four main isomers: 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, and isobutene (2-methylpropene). These isomers differ in structure and chemical properties, leading to varied industrial applications. 1-butene and 2-butenes are linear alkenes used as monomers in polymerization processes. They serve as raw materials for modified polyethylene, plasticizers, and lubricant additives, as well as intermediates in the synthesis of alcohols and acids.

Isobutene, a branched isomer, is a key precursor in producing MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether), synthetic rubber (butyl rubber), plastics, and adhesives. It also contributes to high-octane gasoline blends, improving fuel performance. Due to its high flammability and risk of forming explosive mixtures in air, butene must be handled with proper ventilation and explosion prevention measures. When stored or transported as a liquefied gas, careful control of pressure and temperature is essential.

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