What is a Formaldehyde?

Formaldehyde is an organic compound classified as the simplest aldehyde. Its chemical formula is CH₂O, and it is a colorless gas with a strong, distinctive odor. At room temperature, it exists as a gas, but in commercial use, it is often found as formalin, which is an aqueous solution of formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is widely used in industrial applications, particularly in the production of resins, chemical synthesis, disinfectants, and preservatives. It is most commonly used in the production of phenolic resins and urea resins, which are important in adhesives and other materials. Formaldehyde also has disinfectant properties and is used in the medical field for sterilization.

Furthermore, formaldehyde has bactericidal effects and is used in the preservation of specimens and bodies. However, it is a highly volatile and harmful substance, and exposure to high concentrations or skin contact can cause adverse health effects. Prolonged exposure is known to be carcinogenic and may cause allergic reactions, requiring careful handling.

Formaldehyde is also present in building materials, furniture, carpets, and clothing, and its volatility can contribute to indoor air pollution. As a result, regulations and efforts to reduce formaldehyde exposure are in place, and alternative materials and technologies are being developed.

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