What is a Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃)?

Aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) is an inorganic compound composed of aluminum and chlorine, with the chemical formula AlCl₃. It typically appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid and is highly hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs moisture from the air. This property makes it useful in a variety of chemical reactions, especially as a catalyst. One of the most common applications of aluminum chloride is in the Friedel-Crafts reaction, where it is used as a catalyst to produce various organic compounds. This reaction is important in the petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. Aluminum chloride is also used as an electrolyte in aluminum production.

It is highly acidic and reacts with water to form aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), making it crucial to avoid contact with water. Aluminum chloride plays a significant role in chemical synthesis, polymer chemistry, and even in water treatment applications.

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