What is a Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅)?

Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) is a reddish-orange or brown powder and is the most stable oxide of vanadium. It sublimates at high temperatures and reacts with both acids and bases to form various vanadium compounds. Its main industrial use is as a catalyst, especially in the contact process for manufacturing sulfuric acid, where it facilitates the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) to sulfur trioxide (SO₃). It is also used as a colorant in glass and ceramics, in lithium-ion battery electrodes, and in redox reaction studies.

Vanadium pentoxide is toxic and can irritate the respiratory system and skin upon inhalation or contact. Proper safety equipment and ventilation are essential when handling it.

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