What is a Barium oxide (BaO)?

Barium oxide (BaO) is an inorganic compound composed of barium and oxygen. It is typically a white or grayish-white crystalline powder. BaO is commonly produced by thermal decomposition of barium carbonate (BaCO₃) at high temperatures. It has strong basic properties and reacts with water to form barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂), a highly alkaline substance. Industrially, BaO is used in the manufacture of specialty glass and ceramics, where it enhances refractive index and chemical durability. It is also applied in electronic components such as cathode ray tubes, where it serves as a source of barium vapor.

In catalysis, BaO acts as a basic catalyst in petrochemical reactions and as an absorbent in desulfurization systems. Additionally, it is being explored as a raw material in thermoelectric materials and high-temperature superconductors. Due to its toxicity, BaO must be handled with care. Exposure can affect the nervous and digestive systems, requiring the use of protective equipment and adequate ventilation.

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