What is a Sodium hypophosphite (NaH₂PO₂)?

Sodium hypophosphite (NaH₂PO₂) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid (H₃PO₂), with the chemical formula NaH₂PO₂. It is a colorless crystalline or white powder that is highly soluble in water. Sodium hypophosphite is a powerful reducing agent and plays an important role in redox reactions. Due to its reducing properties, it is primarily used in chemical reactions, metal surface treatments, and dye synthesis. It is commonly employed in rust prevention and the reduction of metal oxides, especially in the formation of oxide films on metals such as copper and iron. Sodium hypophosphite is also used to reduce oxidizing agents in chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical processes. In agriculture, it is utilized in pesticides and fertilizers for disease prevention and plant health. Additionally, it has applications in the food industry and water treatment, where it exhibits disinfectant and antibacterial properties, making it useful in industrial applications. Due to its strong reducing nature, sodium hypophosphite requires careful handling, as it may react exothermically with moisture or acids. Proper storage and handling procedures are necessary to ensure safety.

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