What is a Iron nitride (FeNx)?

Iron nitride (FeNx) refers to compounds formed by the combination of iron and nitrogen, commonly produced through a surface treatment process known as nitriding. The main phases include γ'-Fe₄N and ε-Fe₂₋₃N, both known for their high hardness and excellent wear resistance. Nitriding significantly enhances the surface hardness of iron, improving resistance to wear and corrosion, thereby extending the lifespan of components such as tools, gears, and bearings. Some phases of iron nitride also exhibit magnetic properties—especially soft magnetic behavior—making them of interest in electronic components and magnetic storage materials. Compared to traditional surface treatments like chromium plating or phosphating, nitriding is considered more environmentally friendly and aligns with sustainable manufacturing practices. Due to their strong adhesion to iron substrates, iron nitrides are highly effective in industrial applications requiring durable surfaces. Their usage is expected to grow, particularly in fields such as mechanical engineering and electromagnetic technologies.

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