What is a Calorimeter?

A calorimeter is a device called a calorimeter that measures heat of reaction. It is possible to measure the amount of heat generated by a chemical reaction, the amount of heat generated during combustion, and the amount of heat generated during a phase transition. Calorimeters can be divided into three types: isothermal calorimeters, isothermal wall calorimeters, and adiabatic calorimeters. In the manufacturing industry, raw materials are heated, chemicals are mixed, and reactions are performed on a very large scale, so it is important for safety to understand the amount of heat generated during the process. Therefore, use a calorimeter to analyze the calorific value of each process. Calorimeters are used for acquisition of safety and disaster prevention data during manufacturing, phase transition of materials, and analysis of pyrolysis temperature. Calorimeters are used by manufacturers that carry out chemical reactions to acquire safety and disaster prevention data. Since the chemical reaction is carried out on a very large scale at the manufacturer's manufacturing site, a large amount of heat generated in the process can cause a runaway reaction. Therefore, we measure the calorific value in the reaction or process of concern and evaluate the risk. In addition, the phase transition of polymers and inorganic materials and the amount of heat generated during thermal decomposition may be evaluated with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Since the phase transition temperature differs depending on the chemical structure and crystal structure of the compound, phase transition temperature measurement using a calorimeter is performed in research and development. A calorimeter is a device that measures the heat generated by a change in a substance, and the device used depends on the application. A calorimeter is a device that measures the amount of heat generated during a reaction. In addition to chemical reactions, heat generation or endotherm occurs in the reaction system during compound dissolution, mixing, and phase transition. The heat generated by such a chemical reaction is rarely a problem on a small scale such as a test tube, but a runaway reaction occurs when a large amount of heat is generated when a reaction is performed on a scale of tens or hundreds of liters or more at a factory. And there is a risk of explosion. Therefore, the calorimeter is used to analyze the amount of heat generated in each process. Various calorimeters are sold depending on the application. A calorimeter for evaluating the safety of a process measures the amount of heat generated during the reaction process in a system that imitates a reaction kettle in a factory. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) used for material evaluation measures the amount of heat generated at each temperature by inserting a small amount of sample and changing the temperature. We analyze the temperature at which phase transition and decomposition occur from the inflection point and peak of the amount of heat with respect to temperature. The calorimeter also has a device used to analyze runaway reactions. This device is called ARC, and measures the calorific value and generated pressure of compounds that generate heat during decomposition and cause a runaway reaction.

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