What is a Ethylene (C₂H₄)?

Ethylene (C₂H₄) is one of the simplest alkenes, consisting of two carbon atoms connected by a double bond and four hydrogen atoms. At room temperature and pressure, it is a colorless, flammable gas with a faint sweet odor. Ethylene is a highly important raw material in the petrochemical industry and is widely used in the production of polyethylene, one of the most common types of plastic. Ethylene also occurs naturally and acts as a plant hormone that promotes the ripening of fruits. Fruits like bananas and apples emit ethylene gas, which can accelerate ripening in nearby produce, so careful handling is necessary during storage and transport.

In industrial applications, ethylene is also used to produce ethylene glycol (a main component of antifreeze), ethanol, vinyl chloride, and other chemical compounds, making it a versatile and valuable substance in the chemical industry.

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