What is a Polyethylenimine (PEI)?

Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a polymer made from ethylenimine monomers and exists in both branched and linear forms. Due to its strong cationic nature, PEI binds effectively with DNA and RNA, making it a widely used transfection reagent in life sciences. Beyond biological applications, PEI serves as a paper strengthener, chelating agent in water treatment, adhesive component, surfactant, and paint additive. The polymer contains numerous amine groups, enabling interactions with acids and metal ions, which allows for the construction of functional materials. However, high molecular weight PEI can be cytotoxic, requiring careful optimization depending on the application. Its high water solubility and viscosity make it ideal for use in nanomaterials, surface modifications, and complex formation. Recent research focuses on its roles in antimicrobial materials and drug delivery systems, showing great promise in medical and pharmaceutical fields.

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