What is a Methane (CH₄)?

Methane (CH₄) is a colorless, odorless, and highly flammable gas, classified as the simplest alkane in the hydrocarbon family. It is the main component of natural gas and is the most abundant carbon-containing gas on Earth. Methane is naturally produced through the extraction of natural gas and petroleum, as well as through the decomposition of organic materials in wetlands and in the digestive systems of animals. It is also generated as biogas during the breakdown of waste and organic matter. Methane has widespread use as an energy source, serving as a fuel for households and industrial applications. It is also an essential raw material in the chemical industry, particularly in the production of ammonia, methanol, and ethylene. However, methane is a potent greenhouse gas and is known to have a significantly higher warming potential than carbon dioxide, raising environmental concerns.

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