What is a Nickel oxide (NiO)?

Nickel oxide (NiO) is an inorganic compound composed of nickel and oxygen, with the chemical formula NiO. It typically appears as a pale green to grayish-green crystalline powder and has a stable structure at high temperatures. NiO is produced by oxidizing nickel metal and can occur naturally as the mineral bunsenite, though it is primarily synthesized for industrial use. NiO is widely used in electrochemical applications, particularly as a cathode material in lithium-ion batteries and as an electrode in fuel cells. It also functions as a p-type semiconductor, making it valuable for use in optoelectronic devices, gas sensors, and transistors. Due to its heat resistance and chemical stability, NiO is used in refractory materials and ceramic pigments.

It also acts as a catalyst in hydrogenation and hydrocarbon reforming. In green chemistry, NiO is appreciated for its low toxicity and reusability. However, long-term inhalation of its powder form may pose health risks, including potential carcinogenicity, so proper safety measures are essential.

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