What is a Boron oxide (B₂O₃)?

Boron oxide (B₂O₃) is an inorganic compound composed of boron and oxygen, typically appearing as a colorless or white glassy solid. It is commonly produced by dehydrating boric acid (H₃BO₃) and is widely used in various industrial applications, especially in the glass industry. B₂O₃ is known for its high thermal resistance and chemical stability, making it a key component in borosilicate glass used for laboratory ware, cookware, and lighting. It is also used in optical materials, ceramics, enamels, and adhesives.

As an acidic oxide, B₂O₃ reacts with water to form boric acid. It also has a relatively low melting point (about 450°C), allowing its use as a flux in metal refining and welding processes. B₂O₃ is hygroscopic and gradually absorbs moisture from the air, converting back into boric acid, so it must be stored in sealed containers. While relatively low in toxicity, it can irritate mucous membranes if inhaled or contacted in large amounts.

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