What is a Interferometer?

An interferometer is a device that performs precise measurements by utilizing the interference of waves such as light or radio waves. When two or more waves overlap, they produce interference patterns (fringes of light and dark), which are analyzed to detect minute changes on the scale of wavelengths. This technology is used for highly accurate measurements of length, distance, surface flatness, refractive index, and more.

Interferometers leverage optical systems and laser technology to analyze displacement, vibrations, or material properties of objects without physical contact. Common applications include precision measurements in industrial manufacturing, scientific research, astronomy, and semiconductor production processes. Popular types of interferometers include the Michelson Interferometer, Fabry–Pérot Interferometer, and Zeiss Interferometer.

Application of Interferometer

✅ Precision Calibration of Optical Instruments
Used to measure surface accuracy of lenses or mirrors and adjust optical systems.
✅ Measurement in Semiconductor Manufacturing
Employed to inspect wafer thickness and flatness.
✅ Vibration Analysis
Detects minute vibrations in mechanical structures or materials for performance evaluation.
✅ Distance Measurement in Astronomy
Measures interstellar distances and celestial movements with high precision.

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