What is a Hexanoic acid (C₆H₁₂O₂)?

Hexanoic acid (C₆H₁₂O₂), also known as caproic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with six carbon atoms. It appears as a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid and has a pungent, unpleasant odor, often described as similar to that of goat milk. The name "caproic" is derived from the Latin word capra, meaning goat. Hexanoic acid is used in flavorings, fragrances, lubricants, plasticizers, and as a raw material for surfactants. Its esters, such as hexyl hexanoate, have a fruity aroma and are used in perfumes and food flavorings. It naturally occurs in small amounts in animal fats, dairy products, and fermented foods.

Industrially, hexanoic acid is produced via synthesis or hydrolysis of animal and vegetable fats. In the human body, it is metabolized like other fatty acids and can be used as an energy source.

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