What is a Transmission?

Transmission is a system that transfers power from the engine or motor to the wheels, adjusting the vehicle's speed and torque to suit driving conditions. Since engines operate most efficiently at specific RPM ranges, the transmission optimizes speed and output for efficient performance.

There are two main types of transmissions: Manual Transmission (MT) and Automatic Transmission (AT).

MT requires the driver to manually operate a clutch pedal and shift gears. It is often found in sports cars and specialized vehicles, offering greater control over vehicle dynamics.
AT, on the other hand, automatically shifts gears, making it more user-friendly and common in passenger cars. It allows drivers to focus on accelerating and braking, offering comfort and ease of use.
In recent years, technologies like Continuously Variable Transmissions (CVT) and Dual-Clutch Transmissions (DCT) have gained popularity. CVTs, with their gearless design, provide smooth acceleration and high fuel efficiency. DCTs use two clutches for fast and seamless gear changes, enhancing performance.

For electric vehicles (EVs), traditional transmissions are often unnecessary since motors provide consistent torque across a wide range of speeds. Instead, simple reduction gears are typically used. However, multi-speed transmissions are sometimes included in performance-oriented EVs.

The transmission is not only essential for efficient power transfer but also directly impacts vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, and driving comfort. With advancements in electrification and autonomous driving technologies, transmissions are evolving rapidly to meet new demands.

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